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Unregelmäßiges Dreiecksnetz erzeugen (Delauney
triangulation)
Command
line: GT_TRIANGULATE
The GT_TRIANGULATE command connects a set of points to form irregular triangles based on the TIN model.
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Stationierung beschriften an einer Straße
Command
line:
GT_CHAINAGE
The GT_CHAINAGE command is used to annotate chainage distances along a traverse.
The traverse must be drawn as a 3dpolyline or 2d polyline.
Command: GT_CHAINAGE
Select polyline to annotate with chainages: (do so)
Annotation Interval:
This is the interval distance along the polyline where the annotation marks
will be placed. Annotation marks are the points where the chainage is annotated
or displayed.
Default Value: 100.00
Tick Mark Interval:
This is the interval distance along the polyline where tick marks are
placed. Tick marks are usually placed at a distance closer than the annotation
interval.
Default Value: 25.00
Tick Mark Length:
This is the length of the tick mark drawing. It is specified in AutoCAD
units.
Default Value: 3.00
Annotation Text Height
This is the height of the text used for chainage annotation. It is specified
in AutoCAD units.
Default Value: 5.00
Gap Length:
This is the gap distance between the end of the annotation mark and the
annotation text.
Default Value: 2.50
Starting Chainage:
Specify the starting chainage value. Usually, this value should be 0.0 for
new traverses. A non-zero value will be used where the traverse is a
continuation of some other traverse and it is necessary to continue the chainage
annotation.
Default Value: 0.00
Starting Chainage Count:
In cases where the annotation type is by Route Name (see below), the Starting
Chainage Count defines the count of the start point.
Usually, this value should be 1 for new traverses. Another value will be
used where the traverse is a continuation of some other traverse and it is
necessary to continue the chainage annotation.
Default Value: 1
Route Name
Specify the Route Name to be used for this annotation. If the annotation
type is by Route Name (see below), the Route Name is used along
with the Chainage Count as part of the annotation string.
Default Value: ROUTE-
Chainage Format:
This drop down box allows to select either 0+00, 0+000 or 0+000.
If 0+00 is selected, the annotation of 100 feet (or drawing units) is written as
1+00 and 1000 feet is written as 10+00..
If 0+000 is selected, the annotation of 1000 feet is written as 1+000 and 100
feet will be 0+100.
If 0+0000 is selected, the annotation of 10000 feet is written as 1+0000 and
1000 feet will be 0+1000 and so on.
Choose the format that most suits your annotation style.
Default Value: 0+00
Chainage precision:
Enter the precision of the chainage value here.
Chainage prefix:
Enter the string to be prefixed in front of the chainage string.
Use Route Name as layer prefix:
If this option is enabled, the annotation is created on a layer whose prefix
will be the Route Name specified (see above).
Default Value: Disabled
Use Incrementing counts on route name:
If this option is enabled, an incrementing counter of the type 1,2,3... is
appended to the route name text.
Default Value: Enabled
Chainage Layer:
Specify the layer where the chainage annotation is to be created. The layer
can also be selected from the available layers in the drawing by choosing the
Select button next to it.
Measure Distances in:
Slope: The chainage distances will be actual distances measured in
slope.
Horizontal: The chainage distances will be horizontally projected
distances. This option is often required by surveyors for hydrographic or
pipeline surveys, to name a few.
What to annotate:
Source: If this option is chosen, annotation marks will be created at
every vertex of the polyline. Choosing this option ignores the annotation
interval and tick mark interval (see above). No tick marks are created.
Interpolate: If this option is chosen, annotation and tick marks
are created as specified above and these are by interpolation along the polyline
traverse.
Source + Interpolate: Combines both Source and Interpolate above and
annotates both the types.
Picked points: This option provides a means to create chainage at
only the picked points along the polyline. A chainage annotation is created only
at the picked location using the current annotation parameters as specified in
this dialog box. Note that measurements at manually picked locations along the
polyline are always slope measurements and not horizontally projected ones.
Annotate Using:
Chainages: This is the default method and uses annotation of chainage
distances using the format 0+00.
Route name: Choosing this option causes annotation marks to be
placed using route name and chainage count rather than chainage distances.
Annotation Direction:
Left:
This causes annotation to be placed on the left side of the
polyline.
Right: This causes annotation to be placed on the right side of the
polyline.
Place custom blocks instead of tick marks:
If this option is enabled, a custom block defined in the current drawing
will be used and placed rotated at each point instead of a tick mark.
BlockName:
Clicking on
this button allows selection of a block from the current drawing to be used as a
custom block to place at each annotation point.
Chainage Description Options:
Read Chainage Descriptions:
Checking this option causes the specified
chainage description file to be read during chainage computation.
Create descriptions as MText: Checking this option causes the
descriptions to be created as MText and not Text objects..
Descriptions File: Select the desired chainage descriptions file.
This file must be a comma delimited ASCII text file in the following format:
0.0,BEGIN RECONSTRUCTION
26.7,INTERSECTION
138.5,EXIST LANDING
187.0,FILL EXISTING SWALE
246.75,T/S 14"PINE LT
278.5,EXIST WB,INSTALL DIP
299.0,BEGIN AB@4"DEPTH,12'WIDTH
348.0,EXIST PUNCHEON
398.0,END AB PLACEMENT
465.5,T/S 2-SNAGS LT
530.0,T/S 12"PINE LT
553.0,EXIST WB,INSTALL DIP
612.0,T/S 12"PINE LT
854.0,T/S 16"SNAG LT
895.5,T/S 12"SNAG RT
923.0,EXIST WB,INSTALL DIP
978.5,T/S 14"PINE RT
1033.0,T/S 14"SNAG LT
The first field is the chainage value followed by the descriptions for that
chainage, all in the same line. Multiple chainage values are separated by
commas.
Save:
Pops up a file dialog box and allows the program parameter INI file to be
save to the disk. All the current values in the dialog box will be saved into
the ASCII file.
Restore:
Pops up a file dialog box and allows the program parameter INI file to be
restored. Once restored, all the dialog box values will be replaced with the
values read from the INI file.
Quick stats:
Produces quick statistics about the polyline being annotated. This is a
quick tool to learn quickly some vital statistics about the polyline like the
maximum and minimum values of X, Y and Z coordinates, the slope length,
horizontal projected length etc.
GT_CHAINAGE Tutorial
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Querprofil einer 3D-Polylinie zeichnen
Command
line: GT_PROFILE
The GT_PROFILE command allows cross-sectional profile to be generated from 3d
polylines.
Command: GT_PROFILE
Select 3d polyline to profile: (do so)
Vertical Exaggeration Factor: This is the ratio of the vertical to
horizontal scale of the profile. This ratio denotes the exaggeration of the
profile.
Default Value: 5.00
Profile Interval: Denotes the interval distance at which the 3d polyline
is profiled.
Default Value: 20.00
Annotation Interval: Denotes the interval distance at which
the profile is annotated. The annotation interval should be larger than the
profile interval.
Default Value: 100.00
Reference Height: This is the elevation at the base of the profile.
Specifying a non-zero value will prevent the profile vertical lines from being
too long.
Default Value: 0.00
Annotation Text Height: Specifies the height of the annotation text
height in AutoCAD units.
Route Name: Specifies the route name to be annotated
Starting Chainage:
Specify the starting chainage value. Usually, this value should be 0.0 for
new traverses. A non-zero value will be used where the traverse is a
continuation of some other traverse and it is necessary to continue the chainage
annotation.
Default Value: 0.00
Starting Chainage Count:
In cases where the annotation type is by Route Name (see above), the Starting
Chainage Count defines the count of the start point.
Usually, this value should be 1 for new traverses. Another value will be
used where the traverse is a continuation of some other traverse and it is
necessary to continue the chainage annotation.
Default Value: 1
Profile Grid X Size:
Specify the size of the X (horizontal) width of the grid. This option is
enabled only if the Draw profile grid lines option is checked.
Default Value:
100.00
Profile Grid Y Size:
Specify the size of the Y (vertical) width of the grid. This option is
enabled only if the Draw profile grid lines option is checked.
Default Value:
10.00
Profile Layers: Defines the
layers where the profile components will be created.
Profile Top: Specify the layer name for the profile top line.
Select from existing drawing layers by clicking on the button next to it.
Profile Grid: Specify the layer name for the profile grid lines.
Select from existing drawing layers by clicking on the button next to it.
Profile Vertical: Specify the layer name for the profile vertical
line. Select from existing drawing layers by clicking on the button next to it.
Profile Base: Specify the layer name for the profile base line.
Select from existing drawing layers by clicking on the button next to it.
Profile Annotation: Specify the layer name for the profile
annotatioon line. Select from existing drawing layers by clicking on the button
next to it.
Measure Distances in:
Slope: The chainage distances will be actual distances measured in
slope.
Horizontal: The chainage distances will be horizontally projected
distances. This option is often required by surveyors for hydrographic or
pipeline surveys, to name a few.
What to Profile:
Source: If this option is chosen, profile annotation will be created
at every vertex of the polyline. Choosing this option ignores the annotation
interval and profile interval (see above).
Interpolate: If this option is chosen, annotation and tick marks
are created as specified above and these are by interpolation along the polyline
traverse.
Both: Combines both Source and Interpolate above and
annotates both the types.
Use Route Name as Layer Prefix: If this option is enabled, the
profile is created on a layer whose prefix will be the Route Name specified (see
above).
Draw vertical profile lines: If this option is enabled, the
vertical lines from the profile top to the base are draw at each interpolated or
source point.
Draw profile grid lines: If this option is enabled, the
rectangular grid of horizontal and vertical lines encompassing the entire
profile is drawn at the specified X and Y interval size.
Profile from Right to Left: Checking this option causes the profile to be
drawn from right to left. The default direction is left to right.
Adjust Annotation Spacing: Check
this option if the annotations are too close and cluttered. They will be spaced
out such that the annotation text will not overlap. But, checking this option
will cause the chainage annotation to be displaced to the side and guided with
an inclined guide line.
Highlight Crossing Objects: Checking
this option will cause special annotations to be placed at positions along the
3d polyline where crossing objects are found. The crossing objects supported are
AutoCAD blocks and shapes. i.e if there is a block or shape object anywhere
along the line, that position within the profile will also be annotated.
Create Named Sections
annotations: Checking this option causes annotations to be created at
section intervals.
Create Segment distance
annotations: Checking this option displays distance between the
segments.
Note: the last segment distance is displayed with respect to the last point of
the profile.
Create X coordinates annotations:
Checking this option
displays the X coordinates of each section.
Create Y coordinates annotations:
Checking this option
displays the Y coordinates of each section.
Distance from Profile Bottom:
Height Text: Specify the distance to the height (elevation)
annotation text in AutoCAD units
Chainage Text: Specify the distance to the chainage
annotation text in AutoCAD units
Chainage Names Text: Specify the distance to the chainage names
text in AutoCAD units
Segment Distances Text: Specify the distance at which the Segment
Distance text should be displayed with respect to the profile line in AutoCAD units
X Coordinates Text: Specify the distance at which the X
coordinates of each section should be displayed with respect to the profile line
in AutoCAD units
Y Coordinates Text: Specify the distance at which the X
coordinates of each section should be displayed with respect to the profile line in AutoCAD units
Save:
Pops up a file dialog box and allows the program parameter INI file to be
save to the disk. All the current values in the dialog box will be saved into
the ASCII file.
Restore:
Pops up a file dialog box and allows the program parameter INI file to be
restored. Once restored, all the dialog box values will be replaced with the
values read from the INI file.
Quick stats:
Produces quick statistics about the polyline being profiled. This is a quick
tool to learn quickly some vital statistics about the polyline like the maximum
and minimum values of X, Y and Z coordinates, the slope length, horizontal
projected length etc.
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Adjust cross-section elevations
Command
line: GT_ADJUSTLEVELS
The
GT_ADJUSTLEVELS command is a “fixer” command to re-compute cross-sectional
profile elevations. Often, surveyors may need to re-compute or modify the
profile elevations from a new set of elevation data or new profile obtained from
other sources. Rather than having to re-create the profile from a new 3d
polyline, this command helps by regenerating the levels (elevations) by picking
the modified (or new super-imposed) cross-sectional profile line. In other
words, while the GT_PROFILE command creates a cross-sectional profile (and
elevation / chainage annotations) from a 3d polyline, the GT_ADJUSTLEVELS
command would take an ‘already-created’ profile as input and re-create the
elevations and chainages.
A few basic parameters that this command would require are datum (reference)
height, datum point location, horizontal / vertical exaggeration factors and
annotation interval, all of which are asked on the command-line.
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Geordnete Polylinien zeichnen
Command
line: GT_DRAWGRADE
Grade representation format:
As percentage: Choosing this option causes the grade annotation to be
created as a percentage. for example, uphill grades are created as "2%
Up" and downhill grades are created as "2% Down".
As decimal: Choosing this option causes the grade annotation to be created
as a decimal. For example, uphill grade will be created as "1:50
Up" and downhill grade will be created as "1:50 Down".
As Degrees: Choosing this option causes the grade annotation to be created
as a degrees. For example, uphill grade will be created as "20.0'
Up" and downhill grade will be created as "45.0' Down".
Layers:
Lines: Choose the layer where the graded line must be placed.
Text: Choose the layer where the grade text must be placed.
Other parameters:
Precision for grade value: Specify the precision of the grade value
Grade Offset from line: Specify the grade text offset from the graded line
in AutoCAD units.
Graded Line Object Type:
Line: Choosing this option causes the graded object to be digitized as an
AutoCAD LINE object.
Polyline: Choosing this option causes the graded object to be digitized as
an AutoCAD 3d polyline object.
Arrow [Leaders] : Choosing this option causes the graded object to be
digitized with the arrow symbol using AutoCAD Leader objects. Make sure that you
have set the value to DIMSCALE appropriately to scale else you will not be able
to see the arrow symbol correctly.
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Durchführen der Polylinienausgleichung
Command
line: GT_TRAVADJ
The GT_TRAVADJ command implements
the Bowditch's method of traverse adjustment for both open and closed traverse
polylines. The Bowditch's method is based on distributing the linear mis-closure
(closing error) across each vertex proportionally as a ratio between the
distance from the start to the total traverse distance.
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Indexblock für das Kartenblatt erzeugen und
legen
Command
line: GT_SHEETINS
The GT_SHEETINS command allows to insert sheets on a surveyed map by specifying
the required size of sheet in X (horizontal) and Y (Vertical) direction with
specified rotation angle. The GT_SHEETINS command also allows to enter reference
text for the sheet such as (100- 200 Km.).
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Das Gitter für die Karte erzeugen
Command
line: GT_ANNOGRID
The GT_ANNOGRID command can be
used to create a map grid within a given map sheet area. The map sheet can be
specified either by picking an existing SHINDEX block (created by the
GT_SHEETINS command) or by picking points on the screen to 'show' the extents of
the map sheet. The grid annotation parameters include variable spacings in the X
and Y directions for the text annotation (along the map edges) as well as for
the grid tick marks. The text height and block scale factors can be
user-controlled. The grid annotation text as well as the tick marks are defined
in pre-defined blocks which can be customized to achieve a custom grid as per
user specifications.
Scale: The scale value is
used as a key to specify
in which map scale the mapping is done, so that the grid annotation
settings can be saved for future reference with specified map-scale value. (Note: This
scale has no effect on any of the other values specified in the grid annotation
settings).
Text Height: Specifies the annotation text
height in AutoCAD units.
Block Scale Factor : Specify
the scale factor for the block annotated as a grid in the map.
Note: By default the GT_ANNOGRID command places the block GRID_CROSS as
a grid tick mark, which is a plus sign (+). But if you want to
represent the tick with some thing different then the (+) plus sign. Then all you have to
do is to open the file by name Grid_Cross which is located in Block folder
inside GeoTools i.e. (GeoTools\Block\Grid_Cross.dwg). And make
the required changes but make sure that you are not changing the insertion
point. In similar manner you can make changes to other .dwg files in the
Block folder used for representing the tick marks on Left, Right, Top and
Bottom but do not change the insertion point
Text Annotation distances:
Along X [Eastings] : Specify
the required Text Annotation distance in X (Eastings) direction.
Along Y [Northings] : Specify
the required Text Annotation distance in Y (Northings) direction.
Grid Annotation distances:
Along X [Eastings] : Specify
the required Grid Annotation distance in X (Eastings) direction.
Along Y [Northings] : Specify
the required Grid Annotation distance in Y (Northings) direction.
OK : Clicking on OK
button unloads the Grid Annotation Settings dialog box and prompts to select
sheet index block or polyline to draw the grid. as shown below.
(Note: If you select a sheet
index block or polyline then the grid is created on the selected object. But if
you press ENTER you are prompted to pick the Origin point, Upper left
corner and Lower right corner. And the grid will be created as per that)
Cancel : Clicking on Cancel
button terminates the command.
Add/Update : Clicking on Add/Update
button adds the parameters specified in the Grid Annotation Settings boxes
to Current Grid Annotation Settings box.
Remove : Clicking on Remove
button removes the selected parameter from Current Grid Annotation Settings
box.
Make Current : Clicking on Make
Current button populates the boxes with the selected parameter under Current
Grid Annotation Settings.
Save : Clicking on Save button
allows to save all the parameters under Current Grid Annotation Settings. As
an .ini file.
Restore : Clicking on Restore
button allows to restore the parameters saved as .ini file.
Coordinates label:
(E)asting / (N)orthing : Choosing
this option marks the axis label as Easting / Northing.
(X) / (Y) : Choosing this
option marks the axis label as X / Y.
(M)eridian / (P)erpendicular : Choosing
this option marks the axis label as Meridian / Perpendicular.
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